Liderima sutrašnjice potrebne su promjene danas
U sklopu
obilježavanja 15. godišnjice Sedmice međunarodnog obrazovanja, u ponedjeljak
sam posjetio Treću gimnaziju i razgovarao sa učenicima o tome koliko je
obrazovanje važno za njih i za budućnost njihove zemlje. Siguran sam da im nisam rekao ništa
novo. (Činjenica da tinejdžeri znaju sve je univerzalna.) Poput učenika i studenata širom Bosne i
Hercegovine, i oni svi znaju da je prijeko potrebno da postanu dijelom modernog
obrazovnog sistema koji će im moći osigurati vještine neophodne da budu
konkurentni na globalnom tržištu rada u 21. stoljeću i da, istovremeno, njeguju
vrijednosti poput pravde, poštivanja ljudskih prava i tolerancije
raznolikosti. Oni znaju da danas ne žive
u takvom sistemu.
Pravi
izazov je kako reformisati obrazovni sistem ove zemlje prije nego ovi učenici maturiraju. Nije dovoljno samo im se ispričati i nadati
se da će sistem bolje služiti narednoj generaciji učenika. Postoje koraci koji se mogu poduzeti odmah –
poput izrade standarda za priznavanje stepena obrazovanja i eliminisanja akademske
korupcije koja omogućava kupovinu ocjena, pa čak i diploma.
Uz to,
postoji ogroman problem – segregacija u školstvu koja učenicima ne pruža
mogućnost da rade i druže se sa pripadnicima drugih etničkih skupina na isti
način na koji je to omogućeno učenicima u drugim, potpuno funkcionalnim
demokratskim državama. Skeptici će
kazati da nedavna odluka Vrhovnog suda Federacije BiH kojom se zabranjuje
diskriminacija u podijeljenim školama neće imati nekog uticaja. Roditelji, učenici i zajednice u kojima
postoje ovakve škole ne smiju dozvoliti da se to desi – ova presuda je mali
korak u pravom smjeru. Ne radi se ovdje
samo o praksi dvije škole pod jednim krovom, nego i o tome da svi oblici diskriminacije,
segregacije i prisilne asimilacije učenika, pripadnika manjiskih skupina,
moraju prestati – jednostavno, nema mjesta etnocentričnoj priči u obrazovanju.
Danas
učenici treba da se zajedno igraju na igralištima da bi bili spremni živjeti i
raditi zajedno na djelotvoran način u jednom multietničkom društvu kakva BiH
jeste. Iznenađeni smo kako se malo u
javnosti diskutuje o reformi obrazovanja, a srednjoškolci sa kojim sam jučer
razgovarao ne mogu više čekati.
Postoji presedan
za promjene. Pogledajte samo integrisane
škole u Brčkom ili nedavne događaje vezane za izradu zajedničkog plana i
programa iz oblasti građanskog obrazovanja za cijelu BiH. U definiranju pristupa građanskom
obrazovanju, skupine učenika, obrazovnih radnika, stručnjaka i zvaničnika
ministarstava obrazovanja uspjele su naći zajednički jezik o tome kako će mladi
u ovoj zemlji učiti o demokratiji i njihovoj ulozi u demokratskim procesima.
U znak
podrške tom planu i programu, Ambasada SAD donira 23.000 udžbenika školama koje
su proljetos bile teško pogođene poplavama.
U partnerstvu sa nevladinom organizacijom Civitas organizujemo ljetne
kampove, smještaj kod porodica, školske programe razmjene i godišnje takmičenje
Projekat građanin koje uključuje preko 40.000 učenika svake godine. Ove inicijative jačaju veze između mladih
ljudi različitog porijekla iz BiH i povećavaju njihov angažman u
razvoju zemlje.
Pored
nastojanja kojim zagovaramo napredak u obrazovnom sistemu u BiH, također dajemo
kratkoročne i dugoročne stipendije učenicima, nastavnicima, akademskoj
zajednici i profesionalcima za studij u Sjedinjenim Državama. Međutim, međunarodne razmjene trebalo bi da
budu komplementarne obrazovanju stečenom u domovini, one nikako ne bi trebalo da
zamijene to obrazovanje. Stoga se
pridružujemo onima koji traže nastavni plan i program zasnovan na savremenim
standardima obrazovanja koji će poticati građansku odgovornost i
pomirenje. Pridružujemo se onima koji
posjeduju političku volju da provedu obrazovne reforme koje će inkorporirati ne
samo modernu nauku i tehnologiju, nego i interaktivne nastavne metode koje
podrazumijevaju angažman učenika, nastavnika i roditelja u procesu učenja.
Posmatrajući
publiku u školama koje sam nedavno posjetio, vidio sam veliki broj pametnih,
znatiželjnih učenika spremnih da kreiraju bolju budućnost za BiH. Ne smijemo ih iznevjeriti.
Napomena: Danas je blogger otpravnik
poslova Ambasade SAD-a u BiH Nicholas M. Hill
###
Tomorrow’s Leaders Need Change Today
To mark
the 15th anniversary of International Education Week, I went over to
Treca Gimnasia on Monday to talk to students about how important education is
to them and the future of their country.
I’m sure I didn’t tell them anything they don’t already know. (The fact that teenagers know everything is universal.) Like students across Bosnia and Herzegovina,
they all know they desperately need to be part of a modern educational system
capable of giving them the skills they need to compete in the global 21st
century workforce, while simultaneously instilling values like justice, respect
for human rights, and tolerance of diversity.
They know that isn’t the system they are living in today.
The challenge
is how to reform this country’s education system before these students graduate. It is not enough to apologize to them and
hope the system serves the next generation of students better. There are steps that can be taken right now –
like developing standards for degree recognition and stamping out the academic
corruption that makes it possible to buy good grades or even a diploma.
Then there
is the elephant in the room – segregated schools that deny students the
opportunity to work and socialize with members of different ethnic communities
in the same way students can in other fully-functioning, democratic states. Skeptics say the recent decision by the
Supreme Court of the Federation of BiH at least banning discrimination in
segregated schools will have no effect.
Parents, students, and the communities they are a part of cannot let
that happen – the ruling is a small step in the right direction. Not just the practice of having two schools
under one roof, but all forms of discrimination, segregation, and forced
assimilation of minority students must end - there simply is no place for the
ethno-centric narrative in education.
Students
in school today need to play together on the playground so they are prepared to
live and work together effectively in the multi-ethnic society that is
BiH. We hear surprisingly little public
debate about education reform, and yet the high schoolers standing in front of
me in the auditorium yesterday can’t afford to wait for it.
There is
precedent for change. Just look at the
integrated schools in Brcko, or the recent development of a common civic education
curriculum for all of BiH. In the crafting
of an approach to civic education, groups of students, educators, experts, and staff
of education ministries were able to find common ground in the way young people
in this country learn about democracy and their role in the democratic
process.
In support
of that curriculum, the U.S.Embassy is donating 23,000 textbooks to schools
hard-hit by last spring’s devastating floods.
We partner with NGO Civitas to host summer camps, home stays, school
exchange programs, and the annual “Project Citizen Competitions” which involve
over 40,000 students per year. These
initiatives strengthen ties between young people from diverse backgrounds in
BiH to increase participation in the development of their country.
In
addition to advocating for progress within the education system here in BiH, we
provide short and long-term scholarships for students, teachers, academic
faculty, and professionals to study in the United States. But international exchanges should complement
a student’s education at home, not replace it. So we stand with those calling for curricula
based on contemporary standards in education that will foster civic
responsibility and reconciliation. We
stand with those who have the political will to introduce education reforms
that incorporate not only modern science and technology, but interactive
teaching methods that engage students, teachers, and parents in the learning
process.
As I’ve
looked out at audiences at schools I’ve visited recently, I’ve seen a bunch of
smart, curious students ready to create a better future for BiH. We can’t let them down.
Note: The blogger
today is Charge d'Affaires, a.i. Nicholas M. Hill.
Sixteen years after the Dayton Peace Accord, Bosnia and Herzegovina still faces major political, economic and social challenges because of its cumbersome multi-layer government structure and multiplication of ethnic representation that increases divisions among population generally. The education system in BiH is also profoundly divided, decentralized and politicized, resulting in a system of ethnically “clean” schools where students follow ethnically specific curricula and textbooks resulting in creation of different qualifications, many of which aren’t recognized outside of their own system.
ReplyDeleteFurthermore, schools in BiH suffer from outdated teaching methodology and mono-disciplinary programs which are highly theoretical and unrelated to labor-market realities. The weaknesses of BiH’s formal education system are compounded by the lack of quality teachers’ training opportunities and, as a result, the majority of teachers does not possess the same key competences that are defined as learning objectives for students.
There is therefore a definite need to reform the education and training system and to emphasize the improvement of both teachers’ and students’ skills in many areas and create a new dynamic in education in Bosnia and Herzegovina that aims to ensure that basic education suits the needs of the labor market.
Since 1996. more than 1000 000 students from all over the country were encouraged for civic participation and intercultural dialogue through civic education school course and its practical part „Project Citizen“. Civitas developed curriculum is the only common part of the official curricula in all elementary and high schools in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Civic education books used in BiH classrooms (Foundations of Democracy, Democracy and Human Rights and Project Citizen) are developed in three languages, with the same content. Still, educational reform attempts in Bosnia and Herzegovina can cause opposite effects, as is seen lately with attempts to remove civic education from the curricula of elementary schools in the Federation of BiH. The reality is that CE has very few defenders inside the decision-making system and the officials do not see it as a priority.
ReplyDeleteAnd this is how our kids feel about that:
Deletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65f9BeCrlRM&feature=youtu.be
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ReplyDeleteDa bi došlo do bilo kakve reforme u oblasti obrazovanja ili bilo kojeg drugog važnog javnog pitanja naši učenici moraju znati kako funkcionišu sistemi odlučivanja i biti ohrabreni da se upuste u zagovaranje promjena. Ako ih tome ne naučimo kroz školovanje, onda teško da možemo očekivati bilo kakav prosperitet.
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